The overall impacts, hence, the potential sustainability of biogas production and utilization pathways was determined by compounded analyses of individual LCA results for biogas production, utilization, digestate treatment, and the life-cycle energy performance. The results in Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 show the single-score LCIA combining the three damage categories of human health (HH), ecosystems diversity (ED), and resources availability (RA) (Goedkopp et al., 2009). LCIA endpoint results make it easy to compare the results of different scenarios or sensitivity analysis. In all cases, positive values signify incurred environmental damage, whereas negative values signify reductions in cumulative damage. The corresponding PEIO ratios are detailed in Pöschl et al. (2010). Indicated values are given per tonne of feedstock (see also Section 2.2.1.1).