Results
The study included 110 patients with HF. Table 1 shows the patients’ sociodemographic and clinical data. Fifty-four percent of the study patients were male and 46% were female. The mean age was 66±11 years. Most patients were married (67%), while 23% were widowed. Poland was the birthplace of 89% of patients, with most of the remaining 11% born in Ukraine. Sixty-eight percent of the patients were educated to high school level, 17% had either primary or no education, while 15% had higher vocational, col-lege, or university education. One in three patients had a monthly income exceeding PLN 2,100, 15% earned PLN