In the 1970s, some philosophers, psychologists, and computer scientists advocated a more relaxed
view of concepts as prototypes, which are mental representations that specify typical rather than
defining properties. Whereas a definition attempts to list those properties possessed by all and only
chairs, a prototype just includes features that are typical of chairs. Prototypes are more flexible than
definitions, and there are experimental reasons to think that they give a better account of the
psychology of concepts. However, they may not be flexible enough, so some psychologists have
claimed that people actually store concepts, not as prototypes but as sets of examples, so that your
concept of a chair consists of a stored representation of many different chairs. This claim is called the
exemplar theory of concepts.
In the 1970s, some philosophers, psychologists, and computer scientists advocated a more relaxedview of concepts as prototypes, which are mental representations that specify typical rather thandefining properties. Whereas a definition attempts to list those properties possessed by all and onlychairs, a prototype just includes features that are typical of chairs. Prototypes are more flexible thandefinitions, and there are experimental reasons to think that they give a better account of thepsychology of concepts. However, they may not be flexible enough, so some psychologists haveclaimed that people actually store concepts, not as prototypes but as sets of examples, so that yourconcept of a chair consists of a stored representation of many different chairs. This claim is called theexemplar theory of concepts.
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