The exception is the Central region, which has shown an increasing prevalence of HIV infection during the last five rounds of surveillance at 1.4% and 4.9% in 1999 and 2005, respectively (95% CI: 0.27 – 2.53 and 3.60 – 6.20, respectively). Other regions have reported HIV cases for the first time in the most recent round of surveillance (Northwest-F1, 2% [1 of 49, 95% CI: -1.92–6.00] and Southwest-D, 1% [1 of 159, 95% CI: -0.60–1.86]). Among certain areas in Central Bangladesh, the HIV prevalence reached as high as 8.9% (4 of 45, 95% CI: 0.57 – 17.21) [4].