More recently, attempts have been made to overcome the theoretical
complexities and practical difficulties of the many motivational theories in
existence. Leonard, Beauvais, and Scholl (1999) proposed an integrated
model of motivation, following an extensive review and analysis of the relevant
literature. Their research was based on the growing realization that the
existing, traditional models of motivation fail in their attempts to explain and
predict the diversity of human behavior, particularly in the workplace.
Leonard et al. attempted to overcome current weaknesses in motivational
theory by presenting a meta-theory of work motivation