Importantly , the face that the assessment of the physical activity level relied solo on the information given by the participants is a limitation of this study. The procedures used to assess respiratory muscle strength and PEf and PCf variables are effort-dependent and require full cooperation of the participant the underwent the evaluation . therefore, using the Mini-mental state examination could have contributed to select the participants from those in which the cognitive aspect could affect the understanding. Also , the level of and individual maximal effort during the test could justify the differences found in each study, Once cough is commonly a reflex event , the best way to determine the effect of the respiratory muscle strength on it would be measuring their strength from a reflex cough. Another limitation of the present study is the difference between the number of male and females that could have contributed to the absence of difference on MIP between men and women , which would be considered a type 2 error. However, this study did not aim to assess the influence of gender on cough strength , but the influence of physical activity and function level on it.