The paper presents the results of a theoretical analysis performed for a single-stage, water–lithium bromide absorption chiller at steady-state conditions. The model takes into consideration crosscurrent flow of fluids for heat and mass exchangers, two-dimensional distribution of temperature and concentration fields, local values of heat and mass transfer coefficients, thermal-parameter-dependent physical properties of working fluids and operation limits due to the danger of the LiBr–water hydrates and ice crystallisation. The main practical advantage of the model is the possibility to assess the influence of both the geometry parameters and operation parameters on thermal performance of the absorption chiller. The results derived from the implementation of the water vapour absorption process model for a horizontal tube absorber are consistent with the experimental measurements found in the literature.
A mathematical model of a single-stage, lithium bromide-water absorption chiller was developed taking into consideration: (i) crosscurrent flow of fluids for heat and mass exchangers; (ii) two-dimensional distributions of temperature and concentration fields; (iii) local values of heat and mass transfer coefficients; (iv) thermal-parameters-dependent physical properties of working fluids; and (v) exploitation limitations due to the danger of LiBr–water hydrates and ice crystallisation.
The main practical advantage of the model is the possibility of assessing the influence of both the geometry parameters (mainly diameters, lengths and pitches of tubes) and operation parameters (chiefly flow rates and temperature of water streams) on thermal performance (temperature and concentration values in key points of the cycle, refrigeration capacity, coefficient of performance, etc.).
On the basis of the input data for a typical industrial unit, a series of numerical experiments for various configurations of the operation parameters were performed in order to determine the multidimensional energy characteristics of the chiller, which seems to be particularly important for the pre-investment feasibility analyses that may require the simulation scenarios for differentiated exploitation conditions, very often at part-load refrigeration capacity. However, to obtain a set of characteristics that satisfactorily fit the genuine performance of a typical industrial unit it is crucial to possess complete technical information including detailed schemes of the unit, composition of the working solution as well as the unit control system settings.
The results derived from the implementation of the water vapour absorption process model for a horizontal tube absorber are consistent with the experimental measurements found in the literature. Nevertheless, due to certain model sensitivity to the correlations for heat and mass transfer analogy numbers, it is always indispensable to analyse and determine genuine conditions of heat and mass transfer processes to select the most appropriate approach.
The paper presents the results of a theoretical analysis performed for a single-stage, water–lithium bromide absorption chiller at steady-state conditions. The model takes into consideration crosscurrent flow of fluids for heat and mass exchangers, two-dimensional distribution of temperature and concentration fields, local values of heat and mass transfer coefficients, thermal-parameter-dependent physical properties of working fluids and operation limits due to the danger of the LiBr–water hydrates and ice crystallisation. The main practical advantage of the model is the possibility to assess the influence of both the geometry parameters and operation parameters on thermal performance of the absorption chiller. The results derived from the implementation of the water vapour absorption process model for a horizontal tube absorber are consistent with the experimental measurements found in the literature.
A mathematical model of a single-stage, lithium bromide-water absorption chiller was developed taking into consideration: (i) crosscurrent flow of fluids for heat and mass exchangers; (ii) two-dimensional distributions of temperature and concentration fields; (iii) local values of heat and mass transfer coefficients; (iv) thermal-parameters-dependent physical properties of working fluids; and (v) exploitation limitations due to the danger of LiBr–water hydrates and ice crystallisation.
The main practical advantage of the model is the possibility of assessing the influence of both the geometry parameters (mainly diameters, lengths and pitches of tubes) and operation parameters (chiefly flow rates and temperature of water streams) on thermal performance (temperature and concentration values in key points of the cycle, refrigeration capacity, coefficient of performance, etc.).
On the basis of the input data for a typical industrial unit, a series of numerical experiments for various configurations of the operation parameters were performed in order to determine the multidimensional energy characteristics of the chiller, which seems to be particularly important for the pre-investment feasibility analyses that may require the simulation scenarios for differentiated exploitation conditions, very often at part-load refrigeration capacity. However, to obtain a set of characteristics that satisfactorily fit the genuine performance of a typical industrial unit it is crucial to possess complete technical information including detailed schemes of the unit, composition of the working solution as well as the unit control system settings.
The results derived from the implementation of the water vapour absorption process model for a horizontal tube absorber are consistent with the experimental measurements found in the literature. Nevertheless, due to certain model sensitivity to the correlations for heat and mass transfer analogy numbers, it is always indispensable to analyse and determine genuine conditions of heat and mass transfer processes to select the most appropriate approach.
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