3.1. Weed density and biomass
Dominant ambient weed species in both trials included Amaranthus
retroflexus L., C. album L., and Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. Total
weed density decreased as the number of grit applications
increased in tomato and pepper, regardless of the abrasive grit type
(Table 2; Fig. 2). Despite differences in total weed density (due to
reduced ambient weed seedbank abundance in pepper), the relative
reduction in weed density with increasing application frequency
was consistent across crops. Relative to the weedy control,
two grit applications reduced weed density by 63% in tomato and
80% in pepper. The data suggest that two grit applications may be
required to maximize the benefits of abrasive-weeding, but a third
or fourth application resulted in a negligible reduction in weed
density and is likely not cost-effective (Fig. 2). These results are
consistent with Forcella (2012) who reported 90% weed control in
maize after two grit applications coupled with cultivation to control
weeds between rows. In tomato, both grass and broadleaf weed
density decreased with increasing application frequency, but the
decline was more pronounced for broadleaf weeds. In pepper, grass
weed density was not affected by application frequency (Table 2;
Fig. 2). Previous research has demonstrated that abrasive-weeding
is not as effective for controlling grass weed seedlings because the
meristematic tissue is located beneath the soil surface (Wortman,
2014).
3.1. Weed density and biomassDominant ambient weed species in both trials included Amaranthusretroflexus L., C. album L., and Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. Totalweed density decreased as the number of grit applicationsincreased in tomato and pepper, regardless of the abrasive grit type(Table 2; Fig. 2). Despite differences in total weed density (due toreduced ambient weed seedbank abundance in pepper), the relativereduction in weed density with increasing application frequencywas consistent across crops. Relative to the weedy control,two grit applications reduced weed density by 63% in tomato and80% in pepper. The data suggest that two grit applications may berequired to maximize the benefits of abrasive-weeding, but a thirdor fourth application resulted in a negligible reduction in weeddensity and is likely not cost-effective (Fig. 2). These results areconsistent with Forcella (2012) who reported 90% weed control inmaize after two grit applications coupled with cultivation to controlweeds between rows. In tomato, both grass and broadleaf weeddensity decreased with increasing application frequency, but thedecline was more pronounced for broadleaf weeds. In pepper, grassweed density was not affected by application frequency (Table 2;Fig. 2). Previous research has demonstrated that abrasive-weedingis not as effective for controlling grass weed seedlings because themeristematic tissue is located beneath the soil surface (Wortman,2014)
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