The Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), also known as Failure Modes, Effects,
and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), is a systematic method by which potential failures of a
product or process design are identified, analysed and documented. Once identified, the
effects of these failures on performance and safety are recognised, and appropriate
actions are taken to eliminate or minimise the effects of these failures. An FMEA is a
crucial reliability tool that helps avoid costs incurred from product failure and liability.
Project activities in which the FMEA is useful:
☛ Throughout the entire design process but is especially important during the
concept development phase to minimise cost of design changes
☛ Testing
☛ Each design revision or update
Other tools that are useful in conjunction with the FMEA:
☛ Brainstorming
☛ Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
☛ Risk Management