The two types of fibrous raw materi

The two types of fibrous raw materials used in this study were unbleached OCC and NSSC pulps. OCC fibers were collected from a local recycling company. The NSSC pulp was obtained from Mazan- daran Wood & Paper Industries, Iran. The characteristics of NSSC pulp were as follows: freeness 510 mL CSF, consistency 11.1%, total alkaline 1.4, and pH 6.5. Morphological characteristics were mea- sured for OCC and NSSC fibers as follows: fiber length 2.5 and 0.9 mm, fiber width 30 and 28