Numerous mechanisms by which curcumin can display anti-inflammatory activity have been proposed (Figures 1 and 2). It was suggested that curcumin alleviates oxidative stress, inflammation in chronic diseases through the Nrf2-keap1 pathway. Curcumin can suppress pro-inflammatory pathways related with most chronic diseases and block both the production of TNF and the cell signaling mediated by TNF in various types of cells. Curcumin may also be a TNF blocker from in vitro and in vivo studies by binding to TNF directly