Our goal is to automatically detect all dierences between contrasting groups from observational
multivariate data. We seek conjunctions of attributes and values, called contrast sets, that have
dierent levels of support in dierent groups. For example, if we are comparing education groups,
we might nd that P(occupation = sales j PhD) = 2.7%, while P(occupation = sales j Bachelor)
= 15.8%. Alternatively, groups could be based on time with groups falling into dierent years as
shown in Figure 1