Fungal spores are known to cause several respiratorydisorders based on different immunological and non-immunological pathways, including hypersensitivitypneumonitis, asthma, rhinitis, chronic bronchitis and organic dust toxic syndrome. Immunological responses arerecognized as causes of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, andpartly of asthma and rhinitis [4, 8]. Asthma and rhinitis canbe phenotypes of atopy, disorder defined as a ‘personal and/or familiar tendency, usually in childhood or adolescence, tobecome sensitized and producing IgE antibodies in responseto ordinary exposures to allergens, usually proteins’ [9]. However, IgE-mediated sensitization to fungi in occupationalsettings, including the wood-processing industry, to date hasbeen rarely studied and with conflicting results. For example,high frequency of IgE-mediated sensitization to fungi wasfound in tobacco-processing workers and greenhouse flowergrowers [10, 11]. Additionally, the role of atopy as a risk factorfor development of IgE-mediated sensitization to fungi inoccupationally-exposed workers remains unclear [4, 12].Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate levels of airborne fungi in two sawmills in Croatia and the atopystatus in exposed workers