ications known to affect cognition. All learned English prior to age 6, and all were between the ages of 18 and 25. Unexpectedly, there was a significant difference in age, with the Music group being significantly younger than the Non-Music group, t(41) = 2.787, p < .01, d = 0.863. Demographic information of both groups, including formal music experience, is displayed in Table 1.