massage enhances circulation and help to purify the blood. deep-breathing exercises and pranayama,combined with massage,provide vitality as well as the oxygen and antibodies required for the immune system of the child. massage should continue up to the beginning of the labor pain. during labor the expectant mother should be given massage for relaxation to reduce fear and the tensions and blockages produced by fear. the laboring woman may be massaged on the shoulders and neck to reduce the tension felt in giving birth.