Abstract—This paper presents an easy-to-use battery model
applied to dynamic simulation software. The simulation model
uses only the battery State-Of-Charge (SOC) as a state variable
in order to avoid the algebraic loop problem. It is shown that
this model, composed of a controlled voltage source in series
with a resistance, can accurately represent four types of battery
chemistries. The model’s parameters can easily be extracted
from the manufacturer’s discharge curve, which allows for an
easy use of the model. A method is described to extract the
model’s parameters and to approximate the internal resistance.
The model is validated by superimposing the results with the
manufacturer’s discharge curves. Finally, the battery model is
included in the SimPowerSystems (SPS) simulation software and
is used in the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) demo. The results
for the battery and for the DC-DC converter are analysed and
they show that the model can accurately represent the general
behaviour of the battery.