Our present study aimed to assess the ameliorative role of selenium nanoparticles (Se-
NPs) with diameters 3e5 nm and 10e20 nm (Detected by Transmission Electron microscopy),
as an antioxidant against acetaminophen toxicity in the brain and kidney of male
albino rats. The experimental rats were divided into four groups, each with eight rats.
The group I were intraperitoneally injected with saline, the group II were orally administrated
paracetamol (500 mg/kg b. w.) for two successive days, whereas rats of the
groups III and VI were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 mg Se-NPs of diameters 3e5 nm
and 10e20 nm respectively, two days before paracetamol administration and continued
with its administration. The brain and renal oxidative stresses were assessed by
increased tissue malondialdehyde, nitric oxide concentration, DNA fragmented, and
significant decrease of glutathione content and total antioxidant capacity. The brain
gamma-glutamyltransferase (g-GT) and butyryl cholinesterase (BCHE) were also
increased. On the other hand, treatment of rats with selenium nanoparticles with two
different diameters 3e5 nm and 10e20 nm respectively reversed paracetamol-related
toxic via more than one mechanism such as the powerful inhibition of malondialdehyde
and nitric oxide concentrations in previous tissue. Stimulation of the synthesis of
cellular antioxidants represented by significant increase of GSH concentration and significant
decrease of the inflammatory response represented by TNF-a concentration. Also
DNA fragmentation % significantly decreased in the same tissues. The present results
concluded that paracetamol overdose induced oxidative damage in brain and renal tissues
were improved by selenium nanoparticles with two different diameters with its
antioxidant effects.