The Story of Vinegar
Many of the foods we eat today have been with us since times of antiquity. However, the methods by which they are produced today may differ significantly from traditional processes and give rise to new Halachic issues and challenges.
An interesting example of such a product is vinegar. Historically, vinegar was a by-product of the winemaking industry; the name is derived from the French words vin, meaning wine, and aigre, meaning sour.
During this souring process, the alcohol in the wine would be converted into acetic acid by the action of Acetobacter (bacteria that grow on alcohol and produce acetic acid). Wine that spoiled became vinegar and was thus considered inferior to wine. Its value was recognized, however, as an aid in the preservation of food and as a favorite condiment used to ameliorate the effects of heat on Boaz’s workers (Ruth 2:14).
The major Halachic (Jewish law) concern relating to vinegar has historically been that of S’tam Yaynam; Kosher certified vinegar could be derived only from Kosher certified wine. Today, vinegar is made from various raw materials with differing questions and practical Halachic applications.