he concept of the SCPP was originally proposed by Schlaich in the late 1970s. Based on his ideas, a pilot solar chimney system was built in Manzanares, Spain, in 1982. The Manzanares pilot SCPP comprised a solar collector with a radius of 122 m, and a chimney with a height and diameter of 194.6 m and 10 m, respectively. The average height of the solar collector was 1.85 m. This power plant was designed to produce a 50-kW electrical power output. In Ref. [1], the principles for the solar chimney system were presented by Haaf et al. Then, for the first time, Haaf [2] published the preliminary test results of the Manzanares SCPP. Schlaich published a book on solar chimneys in 1995 [3]. Theoretical modeling and experimental data of a built SCPP were presented by Pasumarthi and Sherif [4]. Further, Padki and Sherif [5], Gannon and von Backström [6], and Dai et al. [7] used simple mathematical models to predict the performance of the SCPP. An investigation on analytical and numerical models that consider the influence of ambient conditions and structural parameters on the power output was performed by Bernardes et al. [8]. Ming et al. [9] performed numerical analyses to study the effect of geometric variations on the performance of the Manzanares SCPP. Pretorius and Kröger [10] studied the convective heat transfer and momentum relations of an SCPP. Convective heat transfer coefficients in the collector, which were reported in the earlier investigations [8] and [10], were compared in Ref. [11]. The feasibility of SCPP systems was considered by Nizetic et al. [12]. Pretorius and Kröger [13] presented an approximate thermo-economic model for optimizing an SCPP system. The main parts of the SCPP, including the collector, wind turbine, and chimney were modeled theoretically, and the equations were solved numerically by Koonsrisuk and Chitsomboon [14]. Gholamalizadeh and Mansouri [15] developed a comprehensive mathematical model to calculate the performance and total expenditure of an SCPP. A multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization method was presented by Gholamalizadeh and Kim [16] for an SCPP system to simultaneously optimize the total efficiency, power output, and expenditure, obtaining optimal geometric parameters.