The microwave cooking method
resulted in a marked loss of phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant activities (p < 0.05). A decrease of
cy-3-glu occurred concomitantly with an increase of PCA upon any cooking methods applied. A methanolic
extract of rice cooked under sterilization exhibited the highest content of PCA and the highest inhibition
of Caco-2 cell proliferation with an IC50 (16.11 lg/mL) comparable to that of raw rice. Thai purple
rice cooked under sterilization could be a potential source of PCA exerting high antiproliferative activity.