The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cultural knowledge on improving Iranian EFL learners'
listening comprehension. To achieve this purpose, out of three hundred participants, one hundred and twenty
pre-intermediate language learners were selected based on their scores on a listening comprehension test and were
randomly assigned to four groups. Each group was exposed to a certain condition as follows: TC (Target Culture), ITC
(International Target Culture), SC (Source Culture), and CF (Culture Free). At the end of the experiment, to see whether
or not any changes happened regarding their listening proficiency, a post-test was administered to the four groups. The
results suggested that the participants performed differently on the post-test indicating that familiarity with
culturally-oriented language material promotes the Iranian EFL learners' listening proficiency.