Based on the work of Bandura, the four effectiveness training sources were examined with
respect to the frequency and the perception of a hospital staff. In a context of a group work, where
there is no assigned leader, the collective effectiveness of groups is not considered only in case
This article is the third in a series reporting the process and findings of a realist synthesis of
interprofessional teamwork in health and social care. The synthesis articulated and tested four
‘‘mechanisms’’ (processes) of teamwork related to communication and found variable evidence
to support them. Evidence was strongest for ‘‘efficient, open and equitable communication’’
and ‘‘tactical communication’’, but lacking for the shared responsibility element of the ‘‘shared
responsibility and influence’’ mechanism. Little evidence was found to support or oppose the
mechanism, ‘‘team behavioural norms’’, so its status as a mechanism of interprofessional
teamwork is unclear. A striking finding for all the mechanisms was the dearth of information on
how they affected patient clinical outcomes and experiences