In spite of older plants, generally untrained management, problematic human resources, lower product quality, and weaker marketing capabilities, local brewers seemed tone winning the competitive game.
As foreign brewers started going bankrupt or retrenching their investments in the China market in the late 1990s, many local brewers took advantage of this situation to acquire leading-edge technology on the cheap and to spur the consolidation of the Chinese beer market, one of the most fragmented in the world.