Training: is a process designed to provide employees with the knowledge and skills needed for their present job. Focusing on long-term learning needs is development. The ongoing process of career planning sets career goals for employees and identifies the means to achieve them. Career development is a formal approach used by firms to ensure that people with the proper qualifications and experiences are available when needed. A planned process for improving the firm by developing its structures, systems and processes to improve effectiveness and achieving desired goals is Organizational Development (OD). And finally, performance appraisal is a formal system of review and evaluation of individual or team task performance.