5 Personalised Location-based Services
Location-based services are considered a killer application of mobile computing (Oertel, Steinmüller et al. 2002). Location-based services are, for instance, interactive maps, or giving directions to a destination, or recommendation of tours. This can as well include interaction facilitation. If the system is aware of a user's current location, this can contribute to the ease-of-use in many ways: • A user's request can be automatically completed by the current location, e.g. if a user asks for a restaurant "near-by", the system can infer from the user's geographic position what "near-by" means and select such restaurants that are in the area. • A user can ask where he is. If he feels lost, the system can provide the name of the area or an address. It can also point out the current position in a map. • The user can simply ask "how to get there", if the system already knows the destination (from the dialog history) and the current position, it can provide directions. • The system can trace a user's progress on a suggested tour and provide location specific information and directions. Research prototypes, such as Hippie (Oppermann and Specht 2000) and GUIDE (Cheverst, Davies et al. 2000) have shown the benefits of location awareness for tourist support. The personalised location-based services of CRUMPET, as explained below, go well beyond these approaches. When location-awareness is combined with user modelling, this opens up new possibilities in location-based services with added values for the user. This is outlined in the following sections, for a more detailed presentation including the technical background see (Zipf 2002).
5 บุคคลตามสถานบริการLocation-based services are considered a killer application of mobile computing (Oertel, Steinmüller et al. 2002). Location-based services are, for instance, interactive maps, or giving directions to a destination, or recommendation of tours. This can as well include interaction facilitation. If the system is aware of a user's current location, this can contribute to the ease-of-use in many ways: • A user's request can be automatically completed by the current location, e.g. if a user asks for a restaurant "near-by", the system can infer from the user's geographic position what "near-by" means and select such restaurants that are in the area. • A user can ask where he is. If he feels lost, the system can provide the name of the area or an address. It can also point out the current position in a map. • The user can simply ask "how to get there", if the system already knows the destination (from the dialog history) and the current position, it can provide directions. • The system can trace a user's progress on a suggested tour and provide location specific information and directions. Research prototypes, such as Hippie (Oppermann and Specht 2000) and GUIDE (Cheverst, Davies et al. 2000) have shown the benefits of location awareness for tourist support. The personalised location-based services of CRUMPET, as explained below, go well beyond these approaches. When location-awareness is combined with user modelling, this opens up new possibilities in location-based services with added values for the user. This is outlined in the following sections, for a more detailed presentation including the technical background see (Zipf 2002).
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