Microorganisms that produce electricity by oxidizing organic
compounds with electron transfer to electrodes may be useful
agents for current generation from waste organic matter and
renewable biomass, as well as for sensors. Graphite has
typically been the material of choice for the construction of anodes
of microbial fuel cells. However, other conductive materials may
be preferable, either because they enhance electron transfer
between the microorganisms and the anode material or because
they are better adapted to specific applications. For example,
incorporation of manganese, iron, quinones, or neutral red in
graphite electrodes increased the output of microbial fuel cells