For the purpose of this paper, we will define CAS as (1) non-linear: as a whole, are unable to be determined or represented through the sum of their components and subsystems; (2) non-ergodic: interacting with its environment by receiving inputs and providing outputs, but with limited control over the outcomes; and (3) emergent: dynamic in that it changes and evolves its behavior in response to its inputs. Order emerges through the interaction among the