The harvest starts in the third year after planting since the fruit yield for the first two years is too low [45]. The fruits become mature when the colour changes from green to yellow [22]. The mature fruits remain on the branches and become brittle and black when dried under the sun [32]. Jatropha fruits are best harvested when mature (yellow-brown) [15]. Jatropha seed yield is still difficult to predict, the earlier reported yield showing a very wide range (0.4–12 t/ha/yr) [15,27].