The study was conducted in three private hospitals affiliated
to nongovernmental for profit sector at Alexandria governorate.
All in-patient care units (n =16) in the selected
hospitals were approved to be the setting for study conduction.
Each hospital has a bed capacity more than 50 beds namely: El
Salama New hospital (8 units), Alexandria New Medical Center
(four units), and El Shefaa hospital (four units). The number
of private hospitals at Alexandria governorate that were
equipped with more than 50 beds amounted to six hospitals
which have number of beds that ranged from 65 to 160 and
number of nurses that ranged from 45 to 186. Therefore, half
of the private hospitals were selected yielding El Shefaa hospital,
El Salama New hospital and Alexandria New Medical
Center.