The leaves of Carica papaya are generally considered waste but their extracts have been
linked with various health benefits. This study aimed to optimize extraction conditions and
determine the effect of aqueous extraction on the yield of polyphenols from papaya leaves.
The efficiency of water extraction was compared to the organic solvents acetone, ethanol
and methanol. A method to prepare crude powder from the leaves was developed, with its
composition and antioxidant properties also examined. We show that temperature, extraction
time and water-to-leaf ratio had significant effects on the extracted polyphenol yield as
well as the scavenging and total antioxidant activities. Optimal extraction conditions were
70 ◦C for 20 min, with a water-to-leaf ratio of 100:7.5 mL/g. Higher levels of polyphenols were
extracted using water in comparison to the organic solvents, while ethanol extraction provided
the highest level of saponins. A simple and scalable method was developed to obtain
approximately 190 g of powder from 1 kg of dried papaya leaves. The crude powder contained
6.3% polyphenols, and when compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Vitamins C and
E and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) had lower scavenging and total antioxidant activity.
However, as this method used water for extraction, it is considered safe and offers great
potential for further purification and application in future studies.
© 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights
The leaves of Carica papaya are generally considered waste but their extracts have been
linked with various health benefits. This study aimed to optimize extraction conditions and
determine the effect of aqueous extraction on the yield of polyphenols from papaya leaves.
The efficiency of water extraction was compared to the organic solvents acetone, ethanol
and methanol. A method to prepare crude powder from the leaves was developed, with its
composition and antioxidant properties also examined. We show that temperature, extraction
time and water-to-leaf ratio had significant effects on the extracted polyphenol yield as
well as the scavenging and total antioxidant activities. Optimal extraction conditions were
70 ◦C for 20 min, with a water-to-leaf ratio of 100:7.5 mL/g. Higher levels of polyphenols were
extracted using water in comparison to the organic solvents, while ethanol extraction provided
the highest level of saponins. A simple and scalable method was developed to obtain
approximately 190 g of powder from 1 kg of dried papaya leaves. The crude powder contained
6.3% polyphenols, and when compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Vitamins C and
E and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) had lower scavenging and total antioxidant activity.
However, as this method used water for extraction, it is considered safe and offers great
potential for further purification and application in future studies.
© 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights
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