Determination of surface protein coverage Surface protein coverage was determined using the method described by Ye (2008), with minor modifications. Emulsions 130 g) were centrifuged in a Beckman J2-21 High Speed Cen- trifuge at 15000 rpm in JA-20 rotor type for 1.5 h at 15 °C. The subnatant was fully removed by using a long needle syringe, and then filtered sequentially through a 0.45 and 0.20 um tilter (Min- isart, Sartorius, Germany). The total protein concentration in the subnatant was determined, after appropriate dilution, spectropho- tometrically by using the method of Lowry and others (1951) The surface protein concentration (mg/m was calculated from the difference between the amount of protein used to prepare the on and that measured in the subnatant after centrifugation using the mean surface diameter. D13,21. to calculate the specific surface area of the lipid particles as described by Tcholakova and others (2003)