2. Methods
In order to study the impact of HOFs on drinking water quality,
HOFs and raw and drinking water quality were assessed using
surveys and sampling campaigns in 21 small systems in Canada:
eleven in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), and ten
in the province of Quebec (QC) (Fig. 1). The systems under study
were selected according to their size (500e5000 inhabitants), the
simplicity of their treatment system (chlorination only or filtration
and chlorination) and the feasibility of collaboration of local operators.
Additionally, sampling campaigns and surveys were organized
in six systems among the original 21 in order to study the
short-term temporal variability of HOFs. Section 2.1 presents the
procedures for the assessment of drinking water quality and Section
2.2 presents the methodology for the assessment of HOFs.
Fig. 2 illustrates the overall methodology