Long term measures to improve food security, include investment in modern agriculture techniques, such as fertilizers and irrigation,[144] but can also include strategic national food storage. In addition, recent work has indicated that the entire human population could be fed in the event of global catastrophe if alternative foods were used.[145]
World Bank strictures restrict government subsidies for farmers, and increasing use of fertilizers is opposed by some environmental groups because of its unintended consequences: adverse effects on water supplies and habitat.