The evaluation of the utility of lipase and emulsifier as improvers
for fat-replaced cakes has focused on the physical effects
on cakes before, during and after baking compared with those of
control cakes. The viscoelastic properties measurements indicate
that lipase incorporation reduces the degree of system structuring,
whereas emulsifier addition increases batter consistency.
However, during heating, batters with the lowest concentrations
of both improvers presented similar trends as control batter
with high complex viscosity values; the observations made of
the cakes baked with these batters indicate that surfactantstabilised
bubbles confer greater overall expansion and even
cell distribution within the crumb. As a result, fat-replaced cakes
with 0.003 g/100 g of lipase and 0.5 g/100 g of emulsifier provide
improved cake crumb with a more homogeneous cell structure.
Moreover, 0.5 g/100 g emulsifier addition resulted in cakes
similar to the control cakes as far as physical properties such as
volume and texture. Those cakes with 0.003 g/100 g of lipase
displayed a better texture profile during storage. Therefore,
good-quality cakes with 50% and 70% fat replacement can be
obtained using lipase or emulsifier at low levels.
The evaluation of the utility of lipase and emulsifier as improversfor fat-replaced cakes has focused on the physical effectson cakes before, during and after baking compared with those ofcontrol cakes. The viscoelastic properties measurements indicatethat lipase incorporation reduces the degree of system structuring,whereas emulsifier addition increases batter consistency.However, during heating, batters with the lowest concentrationsof both improvers presented similar trends as control batterwith high complex viscosity values; the observations made ofthe cakes baked with these batters indicate that surfactantstabilisedbubbles confer greater overall expansion and evencell distribution within the crumb. As a result, fat-replaced cakeswith 0.003 g/100 g of lipase and 0.5 g/100 g of emulsifier provideimproved cake crumb with a more homogeneous cell structure.Moreover, 0.5 g/100 g emulsifier addition resulted in cakessimilar to the control cakes as far as physical properties such asvolume and texture. Those cakes with 0.003 g/100 g of lipasedisplayed a better texture profile during storage. Therefore,good-quality cakes with 50% and 70% fat replacement can beobtained using lipase or emulsifier at low levels.
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