The teacher provided students with multiple opportunities to engage with the key concepts, including teacher explanations, videos and hands-on activities. One activity that sought to engage students in learning about the properties of materials was using a predict-observe-explain (POE) activity where students tested the properties of materials (e.g., aluminium, paper, polyfoam) to determine if they could be squashed, stretched, twisted or scratched. They also tested the materials to determine if they were waterproof, particularly for consideration of designing and making the medical kit design. Students were asked to predict what will happen by underlying “yes”, “unsure” or “no” and then observe the result by circling yes, unsure or no.