The neuropsychological account of emotions provided in this chapter is pivotal for what follows. If my account is correct, emotions are not just supplemental to thinking but an integral part of all kinds of evaluative thinking. They play a crucial role in decision making and action, the topic of the next chapter, which explores the neural mechanisms underlying human choices. In chapter 9 I will describe the contributions that these mechanisms make to moral thinking, enabling us to care about others and make ethical decisions about them.