HbA1c was measured as a marker of glycemic control. To correct for different laboratory methods, HbA1c levels were mathematically standardized according to the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial reference range of 4.05% to 6.05% with the multiple of the mean transformation. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)–cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein– cholesterol were measured in venous blood samples after a recommended 12-hour fasting period. Total cholesterol was measured enzymatically; values are given in mg/dl