Notes
1. Recruitment overfishing means that the adult population was fished so heavily that the number and
size of the adult population (spawning biomass) was reduced to the point that it did not have the
reproductive capacity to replenish itself. Growth overfishing occurs when animals are harvested at
an average size that is smaller than the size that would produce the maximum yield per recruit.
2. If the biomass of a fish stock falls below the minimum stock size threshold, a threshold used by fishery
managers to indicate 30–40% of spawning biomass, a stock is determined to be overfished or
collapsed. A fish stock is considered fully exploited when the catch has reached the maximum
sustainable yield.
3. I am very grateful for these comments from a reviewer.
4. See: http://www.ecopath.org/about
5. This is the general way to implement EBFM, although it is not necessarily applied for all cases.