It can be concluded from Eq. (1) that the rate of heating of the
PV panel, dTm
dt , is dependent on the following: (i) the ambient
temperature, (ii) the irradiance, and (iii) the NOCT. The
NOCT has a constant value, while the irradiance and
the ambient temperature are functions of time. Therefore,
the module temperature will be function of time between sunrise
and sunset