Feeding of whole wheat helps the chicken to develop a bigger and stronger gizzard, which has several beneficial effects on the function of the entire digestive tract (Roche,
1981; Engberg et al., 2004). According to the research results reported so far, the feeding of whole wheat has ambiguous
effects on the development, structure and function of the different digestive tract segments (Jones and Taylor, 2001; Wu and
Ravindran, 2004; Amerah and Ravindran, 2008).