In general, the inoculants formed by pure strains, particularlyS. cerevisiaefollowed by K. marxianus, showed good performances, and mixtures of the yeasts were sometimes synergistic. The highest ethanol production was obtained when the proportion of yeasts was near 75% forS. cerevisiaeITD-00185 and 25% for T. delbrueckii ITD-00014. However, good ethanol production was also obtained by using 100%K. marxianusITD-00147 as the inoculant (Fig. 1A). Similar results were obtained for productivity (Fig. 1B). These findings disagree with those ofDe Le on-Rodríguez et al. (2008), who reported that it is not possible to obtain simultaneously high results for both ethanol concentration and production rate