A report prepared for the APEC Supply Chain Symposium held in May 2009 (TheCIE 2009: 6-7) used a general equilibrium model to estimate the gains from improving supply-chain connectivity in the region. The impact of a 10% improvement in the efficiency of transporting goods between the borders of APEC economies is estimated to be over US$21 billion (in 2004 real dollars) with Thailand and Viet Nam having the largest relative gain in terms of per cent change in real GDP. Captured in this simulation are some benefits from improvements at-the-border, such as in customs documentation and administration as well as in port handling.