This is a qualitative action research study which aims to increase the understanding of how music instruction, based on Howard Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences, affects student self-knowledge, and thus potentially offers a methodology that identifies and satisfies at least some of the learning needs of school children. Reflective journal entries, semi-structured interviews, and a researcher's log triangulate the data. The participants are Grade 3 students from an urban community and the project is based on a six week instructional module framed around each participant's strongest intelligence. The results clearly outline that individual student learning needs are met by incorporating a set of centres in the music room, one for each of Gardner's eight intelligences. The results also describe students who are engaged in their work, show respect and camaraderie, and enjoy the learning process. Professional concerns are addressed such as the transfer of a multiple intelligence approach into other subject areas and regular elementary classrooms, time considerations for this type of transformation, and the paradigm shift in learning and teaching that is required for educators to succeed in this method of instruction.