Management of trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock is complex and difficult. We recommend managing these patients in centers that treat a high volume of patients (i.e., trauma centers). During recent decades, despite our increasing knowledge of the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock in trauma patients, the mortality rate continues to remain high. The role of the physician is to maintain oxygen delivery, despite ongoing bleeding, and to limit tissue hypoxia, inflammation, and organ dysfunction. At the same time, the physician must maintain surgical and arteriographic control of the bleeding and treat coagulopathy to stop hemorrhage in these patients. The optimal resuscitative strategy remains controversial. To move forward, we need to establish optimal therapeutic approaches with clear objectives for fluid resuscitation, blood pressure, and hemoglobin levels to guide resuscitation and limit the risk of fluid overload resuscitation and transfusion.