Although the Swiss Eco Scarcity method could be applied to LCA assessment in Thailand, the results would express Swiss prefer- ences, which may not reflect the Thailand context. Therefore, the objectives of this study are adopting Eco Scarcity concept for Thailand context using proper information and also indicating what the limitations on its application are. The three relevant impact categories with regards to bioenergy are focused on, i.e. primary energy resources, freshwater resource and GHG emissions. Then, a comparative LCA is conducted on the two major biofuels in Thailand, i.e. ethanol and biodiesel, with their counterpart con- ventional fossil equivalents in utilizing as transportation fuel based on energy as functional unit.