Background
Bio-fuel effects on aftertreatment system (ATS) performance
Potential for residual alkali and alkaline earth metals to form ash
ASTM D6751 – 5 ppm limits for Na and K, Ca and Mg
1 ppmw trace metal in fuel ~ 22 g trace metal in DPF per 100k miles
assuming 15 mpg and 100% trapping efficiency
Decreased PM emissions
Reduce frequency of regeneration
Bio-diesel generated PM may oxidize more rapidly
Bio-fuel effects on lubricant properties
Distillation characteristics and boiling range affect amount of fuel reaches