Consumers areincreasinglyseekinglow

Consumers areincreasinglyseekinglower-carbonlifestyles.As
recent CarbonTrustresearchreveals,45%ofUKshoppers – up
from halfthatrateayearearlier – would bepreparedtostop
buying theirfavouritebrandsifthecompaniesrefusedtocommit
to measuringtheirproductcarbonfootprint (The CarbonTrust,
2011a). Thisconsumerpressureexplainstheincreasingresources
that organisationsarededicatingtocarbonaccounting,alsocalled
carbon footprinting,and,moregenerally,tocarbonmanagement.
Despite thelimitedreachofcurrentcarbonregulation, firms'
commitment tomeetvoluntarilysetenvironmentalperformance
targets isbecomingcommonpractice (Comas MartíandSeifert,
2013). Anindicationoftheadoptionofsuchtargetsisthat59%of
FTSE 100companieshavepublishedtargetsongreenhousegases,
including carbonorenergyreductions (The CarbonTrust,2011b).
Companies' greenhousegastargetstendtofocusonemissions
relatedtotheirownoperations,usuallyincludingdirectemissions
from ownedorcontrolledsourcesandindirectemissionsfromthe
generationofpurchasedelectricityorenergyingeneral.However,
companies' carbonaccountingshouldincludeotherindirectemis-
sions thatoccurinacompany'ssupplychain,e.g.causedbyraw
materialandcomponentssuppliers,orbyoutsourcedtransport.In
the future,itisexpectedthatcompanycarbontargetswilldevelop
toincludesuchemissions,giventheimportantopportunitiesthey
offer foremissions'abatement.
Since companiestendtorelyonthird-partiesfortheirinbound
and outboundlogistics,transportemissionsarerarelyincludedin
companies' carbontargets.Infact,theshareofaproductcarbon
footprintrepresentedbytransportemissionsmaysignificantly
varyfromoneproducttoanotherdepending,forinstance,onthe
product'svolumeorweight,butmoreimportantlyonthe
employedmodeoftransport.Ingeneral,thetrade-offintransport
is thatgreaterspeedrelatestogreateremissionsandgreatercosts
(e.g. airfreightcomparedtoseafreight).
However,fastdeliveriespayoffforcertainproducts;typically
for thosewithhighprofit margins,withdemandpatternsthatare

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

ผู้บริโภค areincreasinglyseekinglower-carbonlifestyles เป็นล่าสุด CarbonTrustresearchreveals, ofUKshoppers 45% – ค่าจาก halfthatrateayearearlier – จะ bepreparedtostopซื้อ theirfavouritebrandsifthecompaniesrefusedtocommitการ measuringtheirproductcarbonfootprint (The CarbonTrust2011a) . Thisconsumerpressureexplainstheincreasingresourcesที่ organisationsarededicatingtocarbonaccounting, alsocalledtocarbonmanagement footprinting และ moregenerally คาร์บอนแม้ มี thelimitedreachofcurrentcarbonregulation บริษัทtomeetvoluntarilysetenvironmentalperformance มุ่งมั่นเป้าหมาย isbecomingcommonpractice (Comas MartíandSeifert2013) Anindicationoftheadoptionofsuchtargetsisthat59%FTSE 100companieshavepublishedtargetsongreenhousegasesรวมทั้ง carbonorenergyreductions (The CarbonTrust, 2011b)บริษัท greenhousegastargetstendtofocusonemissionsrelatedtotheirownoperations, usuallyincludingdirectemissionsจาก ownedorcontrolledsourcesandindirectemissionsfromthegenerationofpurchasedelectricityorenergyingeneral อย่างไรก็ตามบริษัท carbonaccountingshouldincludeotherindirectemis-sions thatoccurinacompany'ssupplychain,e.g.causedbyrawmaterialandcomponentssuppliers, orbyoutsourcedtransport ในitisexpectedthatcompanycarbontargetswilldevelop ในอนาคตtoincludesuchemissions, giventheimportantopportunitiestheyมี foremissions'abatementตั้งแต่ companiestendtorelyonthird-partiesfortheirinboundและ outboundlogistics, transportemissionsarerarelyincludedinบริษัท carbontargets Infact, theshareofaproductcarbonfootprintrepresentedbytransportemissionsmaysignificantlyvaryfromoneproducttoanotherdepending, forinstance ในการproduct'svolumeorweight, butmoreimportantlyontheemployedmodeoftransport ชื่อต้นของ thetrade-offintransportเป็น thatgreaterspeedrelatestogreateremissionsandgreatercosts(เช่น airfreightcomparedtoseafreight)อย่างไรก็ตาม fastdeliveriespayoffforcertainproducts โดยทั่วไปสำหรับขอบ thosewithhighprofit, withdemandpatternsthatare

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

ผู้บริโภค areincreasinglyseekinglower-carbonlifestyles.As
CarbonTrustresearchreveals ที่ผ่านมา 45% ofUKshoppers -
ขึ้นจากhalfthatrateayearearlier - จะ bepreparedtostop
ซื้อ theirfavouritebrandsifthecompaniesrefusedtocommit
เพื่อ measuringtheirproductcarbonfootprint (ใน CarbonTrust,
2011a) Thisconsumerpressureexplainstheincreasingresources
ที่ organisationsarededicatingtocarbonaccounting, alsocalled
footprinting คาร์บอนและ moregenerally, tocarbonmanagement.
แม้จะมี thelimitedreachofcurrentcarbonregulation บริษัท
'ความมุ่งมั่นtomeetvoluntarilysetenvironmentalperformance
เป้าหมาย isbecomingcommonpractice (Comas MartíandSeifert,
2013) Anindicationoftheadoptionofsuchtargetsisthat59% ของ
100companieshavepublishedtargetsongreenhousegases FTSE,
รวมทั้ง carbonorenergyreductions (ใน CarbonTrust, 2011b).
บริษัท ' carbonaccountingshouldincludeotherindirectemis- sions foremissions'abatement. ตั้งแต่ companiestendtorelyonthird-partiesfortheirinbound และ outboundlogistics, transportemissionsarerarelyincludedin บริษัท thatgreaterspeedrelatestogreateremissionsandgreatercosts (เช่น airfreightcomparedtoseafreight). อย่างไรก็ตาม fastdeliveriespayoffforcertainproducts; โดยทั่วไปสำหรับอัตรากำไรขั้นต้นthosewithhighprofit, withdemandpatternsthatare