I’m not here going to go into detail on the tortured history of how the Agreed Framework came about. Let me just note that there were five years from 1988 to 1993—all of the George H. W. Bush administration, and the first two years of the Clinton administration—during which there was stalemate over the issue of North Korea’s nuclear program, the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, and what inspection regime the IAEA should have in North Korea. This period was quite similar to the period we have entered from October of last year with relations between North Korea and the United States spiraling out of the control to the point that the United States was seriously considering military options in the summer of 1994.[12] This stalemate was only broken by President Carter’s visit with Kim Il Sung in 1994 bringing a proposal of Light Water Reactors in exchange for a nuclear freeze that eventually led to the negotiation of the Agreed Framework later that year.