Aerial photographs, topographic field data and environmental forcing agents were used to assess historic
and annual sand spit changes at Ginst Spit, Pendine Sands, West Wales. Aerial photographs highlighted
that the spit shoreline facing the dominant wave direction had accreted steadily throughout the assessment
timeframe (1947e2010). Stabilisation works in the form of rubble mounds aided recovery of the
dune system thought to have been damaged due to training exercises carried out during the SecondWorld
War. Annual topographic surveys (1995e2010) showed a terminal end eastward migration extending into
the channel of the 3 estuary complex. Dominant waves emanate from south southwest, and wave models
suggest that longshore sediment drift is from west toward east. Sub-dominant southeast waves create a
counter drift back toward the west forming the customary northward hook. Model results showed significant
wave transformation from offshore model boundaries to the nearshore zone for both wave height
and direction, which found agreement with qualitative assessment. Annually averaged wave components
showed varying correlations with sand spit rates of shoreline change. Precipitation and spit growth were
associated with flood events, which suggested that a combination of fluvial and coastal processes
contribute to lowland inundation. By showing the major role the spit plays in protecting the town in its
lee, this work provides a new understanding of sand spit evolution to inform coastal management
Aerial photographs, topographic field data and environmental forcing agents were used to assess historicand annual sand spit changes at Ginst Spit, Pendine Sands, West Wales. Aerial photographs highlightedthat the spit shoreline facing the dominant wave direction had accreted steadily throughout the assessmenttimeframe (1947e2010). Stabilisation works in the form of rubble mounds aided recovery of thedune system thought to have been damaged due to training exercises carried out during the SecondWorldWar. Annual topographic surveys (1995e2010) showed a terminal end eastward migration extending intothe channel of the 3 estuary complex. Dominant waves emanate from south southwest, and wave modelssuggest that longshore sediment drift is from west toward east. Sub-dominant southeast waves create acounter drift back toward the west forming the customary northward hook. Model results showed significantwave transformation from offshore model boundaries to the nearshore zone for both wave heightand direction, which found agreement with qualitative assessment. Annually averaged wave componentsshowed varying correlations with sand spit rates of shoreline change. Precipitation and spit growth wereassociated with flood events, which suggested that a combination of fluvial and coastal processescontribute to lowland inundation. By showing the major role the spit plays in protecting the town in itslee, this work provides a new understanding of sand spit evolution to inform coastal management
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