The detailed economic costing and evaluation have been made from mass and energy balances
obtained from modeling and simulation of the process flowsheet. For the capital cost of the present process, the
portion of direct cost increases according to the plant capacity as in the case of typical chemical processes. The purchasing cost for the raw material, PFAD, is the largest contributor to manufacturing cost, and it was found that about 66% of the
manufacturing cost consists of the raw material cost when the plant capacity is 120 kt·y−1. The effect of “economy of scale” for the proposed process has been observed, and positive net cash flow was obtained for a capacity larger than 100 kt·y−1.